티스토리 뷰


Introduction

Cytokine (CK) is a type of small molecule protein with a wide range of biological activities. It is composed of immune cells (such as monocytes, macrophages, T cells, B cells, NK cells, etc.) and some non-immune cells. (Endothelial cells, epidermal cells, fibroblasts, etc.) are synthesized and secreted upon stimulation. Cytokines bind to their target cells through receptors on the cell surface and exert their effects through signal transduction pathways. Their modes of action in the body are roughly divided into three types: autocrine, paracrine and endocrine. They have the function of regulating innate immunity and acquired immunity, Repair damaged tissue, mediate inflammatory response, pluripotent stem cells (APSC pluripotent cells), cell growth, blood cell production, and other functions.

 

Cytokine production and classification
 
Depending on the source, cytokines can be divided into:
 
1) Lymphokine is produced by lymphocytes (B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes and NK cells), such as IL-2, IFN-γ, GM-CSF and neuroleukin, etc.
2) Monokine, produced by monocytes or macrophages, such as IL-1, TNF-α, G-CSF and M-CSF, etc. 
3) Cytokines produced by macrophages are produced by vascular endothelial cells, stromal cells and other cells in the bone marrow and thymus, such as IL-7, SCF, IFN-β, etc.
 
According to their functions, cytokines can be divided into:
1) Interleukin (IL), a cytokine produced by monocytes, lymphocytes or other non-monocytes, plays an important regulatory role in immune regulation, cell-cell interaction, hematopoiesis and inflammatory processes.
2) Interferon (IFN), according to the structure and source of interferon production, can be divided into IFN-α produced by leukocytes, IFN-β produced by fibroblasts and IFN-γ produced by activated T cells.
3) Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), which can cause necrosis of tumor tissue. According to its production source and structure, it can be divided into TNF-α produced by monocytes and macrophages and TNF-α produced by activated T cells. Two types of TNF-β.
4) Colony stimulating factor (CSF). CSF can not only stimulate the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells at different stages of development, but also promote the function of mature cells. According to the different cell colonies formed, they are mainly divided into G (granulocyte)-CSF, M (macrophage)-CSF, GM (granulocyte, macrophage)-CSF, Multi (multiple)-CSF (IL-3 ), SCF, EPO, etc.
5) Transforming growth factor-β family (TGF-β family), including the following (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, TGFβ1β2, etc.).
6) Growth factors (GF), including epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), oncostatin M (OSM), IGF-
, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), nerve growth factor (NGF) etc.
7) Chemokine family, including C-X-C/α subfamily, C-C/β subfamily, C-type subfamily, CX3C subfamily, etc.

 

 

ELK Related products
 
ELK1396 Rat TNFa(Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha) ELISA Kit
IF:19.227
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2022.02.015

IF:9.587
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IF:9.43
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IF:8.786
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.913901
 
ELK1387 Mouse TNFa(Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha) ELISA Kit
IF:17.4
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2023.102009 
IF10.6
https://doi.org/10.1002/ctm2.1546
IF:8.2
https://doi..org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131520
IF:8.2
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ELK1395 Mouse TNFa(Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha) ELISA Kit
IF:15.135
https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202107838
IF:6.073
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IF:8.3
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IF: 8.3
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IF:6.529
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IF:19.227
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2022.02.015
IF:18.9
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ELK1156 Human IL6(Interleukin 6) ELISA Kit
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IF:7.419
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IF:5.6
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IF:4.379
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56535-3

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